The symptoms of prostatitis in men are neither characteristic nor specific, as it may seem at first glance. That is why in modern urology and andrology, infertility is increasingly diagnosed in men of the most active reproductive layer - from 25 to 40 years old. The prostate in men is an organ that fulfills several functions: barrier, regulator of blood coagulation, endocrine, reproductive, copulatory (sexual), role of the bladder sphincter. The signs of prostatitis in men and its symptoms are multifaceted, especially in the chronic form - they cover all the functions of the organ and often make diagnosis difficult.
Symptoms of acute prostatitis in men
What symptoms of prostatitis in men should make you pay attention and see a doctor? Every man, especially at a young and sexually active age, should know the signs of inflammation of the lower genital tract and the possible clinic of incipient prostate disease. Many young people postpone a visit to a urologist, believing that this disease belongs to an older age group.
Important.
Inflammation of the prostate is based on a set of factors that begin to act exactly at the age of 20-30 years.
- Sexual infections are the first thing that triggers an active or slow inflammation process. Chlamydia, mycoplasma infection, gonorrhea, trichomoniasis, gardnerellosis trigger urethritis, against which the development of inflammation of the gland is possible. Herpes simplex, human papilloma and CMV viruses, if they do not cause inflammation of the gland, then considerably worsen the development of STIs and "pave the way" for bacteria in the tissues of theorgan. Against the background of genital infections, opportunistic flora (staphylococci, Escherichia coli) often leads to prostate disease. When diagnosed, a mixed flora is often found.
- One of the factors provoking the disease is work accompanied by prolonged sitting. Such occupational hazards or habit negatively affect the health of the prostate.
- Arrhythmic sex life - its rarity or randomness, psychological problems that cause ejaculation delay or lack of ejaculation, erectile dysfunction, frequent masturbation - significantly disrupt the balance of arterial and venous blood flow in the gland.
- The impact of cold on the lumbar region, abdomen and extremities - winter sports and recreation, occupational hazards associated with hypothermia, trigger irreversible changes in the tissues of the gland.
Sexual infections, chronic hypothermia, stagnation of venous blood and prostatic secretions lay the foundation for the formation of chronic prostatitis. . . Symptoms of inflammation of prostatitis of various forms are combined into three syndromes: painful, sexual and dysuric (urination disorder). The predominance of one of them is the reason for a visit to a doctor - urologist, sexologist, therapist or surgeon. The vigilance and qualification of the doctor will determine the speed of the healing process.
Acute prostatitis, the symptoms of which are observed after or simultaneously with an active genital infection, is characterized by the following:
- Discomfort and pain when urinating.
- Cut at the start or end of urination.
- Frequent and false urge to go to the bathroom.
- Pain around the anus, especially when sitting.
- Pain during the act of defecation, a feeling of fullness in the rectum.
- Mucopurulent discharge from the urethra.
- Abdominal pain radiating to the thigh, scrotum, back.
- Fever.
- Sexual dysfunctions.
Each patient has a different degree of symptom severity. In addition, only a certain symptom can predominate. But often the acute process proceeds with few symptoms, which ensures frequent chronicity and an increase in the number of identified cases of chronic prostatitis.
The first signs of prostatitis
Symptoms of the onset of prostatitis occur in young men under the guise of acute respiratory infections or in the form of a classic genital infection. Depending on the type of pathogen, signs of an acute process may be bright or erased.
Symptoms of prostatitis in humans, initiated by gonococci, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, as well as with nosocomial infection (after manipulations of the urinary tract) are characterized by:
- The patient is suddenly seized with a chill, which lasts from half an hour to two hours and ends in sweating.
- The temperature rises to 38 - 40 ° C.
- Characterized by weakness, severe weakness.
The first symptoms of prostatitis in men may not be accompanied by the characteristic pain in the pelvic area, rectum and groin. . . In addition, sexual weakness is not characteristic. On the contrary, the first catarrhal stage of the disease manifests itself in excessive excitability and premature ejaculation.
Important.
Urogenital chlamydia, which often causes chronic prostatitis, initially presents only mild dysuric symptoms.
How does prostatitis manifest itself in humans, initiated by the hematogenous or lymphogenic entry of the flora into the prostate tissue? This type of disease that accompanies general somatic infectious diseases (sinusitis, sore throat, pneumonia, abscess, pustular dermatoses) may not be noticed by the patient. Against the background of the underlying disease, the temperature rises again and symptoms of intoxication increase, mild dysuric phenomena and abdominal pain may develop.
Symptoms of chronic prostatitis in men
Chronic bacterial or viral, congestive or infectious prostatitis, the symptoms of which vary, are united by the fact that the inflammatory processes, although caused by different triggering factors, lead to three fundamental manifestations:
- Pain syndrome.
- Urination disorder.
- Sexual dysfunction.
The painful symptoms of prostatitis are also divided into three types:
- Extragenital - pain in the rectum, lower back, abdomen is characteristic.
- Pelvic - pain symptoms do not appear as such, but there is pronounced itching of the anus, tingling, paresthesia, neurosis, excessive sweating - this is due to the involvement of the plexusespelvic nervous system in the process.
- Genital - pain in the scrotum, lumbago in the testicles, groin and perineum.
- Mixed.
Pain symptoms in prostatitis form such a concept as "chronic pelvic pain syndrome in man".
Symptoms of inflammation of the chronic form of the prostate are accompanied by a violation and suppression of erection, ejaculation and a decrease in libido. Against this background, a neurosis-like syndrome is formed, which proceeds according to the sympathetic or parasympathetic type. The first is characterized by heart attacks, fever, evening subfebrile condition, sudden changes in mood, inattention. For the second - drowsiness during the day, fatigue, insomnia at night, hypochondria, sweating, weight gain, lump in the throat, excessive salivation.
Among the dysuric phenomena there is increased urination, difficulty emptying the bladder, dripping and lethargy of the jet. Such signs have a pronounced similarity to an adenoma, which sometimes complicates the diagnosis.
Important.
Chronic prostatitis in men after 45 years often occurs at the same time as prostatic hyperplasia.
In the chronic form, spermatorrhea and prostatorrhea are observed - the secretion of the secretion of the prostate from the urethra in combination with seminal fluid due to atony of the organs.
Asymptomatic prostatitis
Inflammation of the prostate is not always symptomatic. Often a man learns of the existence of a disease, for example, when performing an ultrasound diagnosis when planning a child. They find calcifications in the tissues of the prostate, obliterated ducts, enlarged or reduced gland, sclerosis, impaired blood flow according to Doppler ultrasound, varicose veins of the prostate plexus and small pelvis.
Symptomatic prostatitis develops in young men after suffering genital infections, in particular, urogenital chlamydia and mycoplasmosis.Especially often asymptomatic prostatitis is registered after inadequate and incomplete treatment of these diseases. Often, when examining sperm, there is a decrease in the number of germ cells, a decrease in actively motile cells, clumping and a decrease in the grains of lecithin. Periodic sexual failures are possible, to which the man does not attach importance.
Symptoms of an exacerbation of prostatitis
Exacerbation of chronic prostatitis develops when exposed to factors provoking adverse reactions - general somatic diseases, hypothermia, irregular sexual activity, alcohol abuse, exacerbation of infectious diseases of the genitourinary organs, rectum.
Symptoms of exacerbation of prostatitis in men are similar to the onset of the disease. The rise in temperature, general malaise, fatigue, weakness, chills come to the fore. Pain in the anus, feeling of fullness in the rectum, lumbago in the groin, perineum develop. Sexual dysfunction and nervousness are also aggravated. Going to the toilet, patients note difficulties and increased urination, weakening of the stream, pain.
Features of the course of certain types of prostatitis
How does prostatitis manifest itself in men in its different varieties? Classically, several types of disease are distinguished depending on the dominant process: infectious, bacterial, stagnant, purulent.
Infectious and bacterial prostatitis
The concept encompasses several nosological forms of the disease, or rather is differentiated according to the types of pathogenic agents. Infectious prostatitis, the symptoms of which can only be caused by pathogenic bacteria and viruses, can be triggered by sexually transmitted and opportunistic pathogenic flora. Conditionally pathogenic microorganisms that normally inhabit the male genitourinary tract cause the disease only with unfavorable factors. Most often, when seeding semen and urine, Escherichia coli, staphylococcus, enterococcus are found. It's bacterial prostatitis.
The vast majority of infectious prostatitis is recorded in young people.This type of prostate inflammation most often causes chronicity and leads to infertility.
The clinical picture is characterized by the greatest brightness with gonorrhea, and with chlamydia, mycoplasmosis and opportunistic pathogens, symptoms are rare, therefore, it often leads to chronic prostatitis.
Purulent prostatitis
The pyogenic flora is represented by gonococci, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, a strain of Staphylococcus resistant to methicillin. These microorganisms secrete a number of destructive enzymes, are characterized by aggressiveness towards the tissues of the prostate, and therefore initiate a purulent fusion.Often, purulent prostatitis ends with abscess, phlegmon, paraprostatitis, paraproctitis.
The purulent process is often initiated by bacteria that have entered the prostate in the following ways:
- From purulent foci in other organs.
- For medical interventions on the genitourinary organs. The hospital flora is characterized by multiple resistance to antibiotics, so it precisely leads to purulent prostatitis.
Purulent prostatitis, the symptoms of which are most striking, often leads to complications: urinary and vesico-intestinal fistulas. In addition, these bacteria easily enter the ascending pathway of the kidneys, pelvis and calyxes, causing their chronic inflammation.
Congestive prostatitis
The isolated course of this type of disease is practically excluded, since against the background of stagnant processes, the microbial flora is attached, and this type acquires an infectious form of evolution. Most often, urologists make such a diagnosis if no bacteria were isolated during the inoculation of the biomaterial. As a rule, an analysis carried out after 2-3 weeks will already give a positive result for the bacterial flora.
Stagnation of venous blood is often observed with varicose veins, rectal pathology, pelvic tumors, hypodynamia. Violation of the outflow of secretion from the prostate, which is most often observed in sexual dysfunctions and irregular sexual activity, leads to stagnation and prerequisites for inflammation.Congestive prostatitis, the symptoms of which coincide with infectious inflammation, are inextricably linked and follow one another.The symptoms will be supplemented by varicose veins and rectal lesions.
Obviously, in the chronic form of prostatitis, manifestations can be nonspecific in nature, which requires a full and thorough diagnosis.
Important.
Any sign of genital infection in a man should be a reason to contact a urologist or venereologist for treatment.
Self-medication or neglect of the situation can serve as an impetus for the formation of a chronic form.